Tidal model of mental health nursing is one of the middle range theories that was developed by Professor Philip J. Barker in 1996 and implemented in 2000. The model posits that the mental well-being of individuals is dependent on their individual life experiences, including perception and thoughts. The tidal model derives its name from the metaphor of a tidal movement, which symbolizes the natural flow of experiences in life. The ebb and flow of the tides in the metaphor represent the natural rhythm of life and the dynamic nature of mental health. The Tidal model focuses on helping people with mental health issues to create their journey to discovery. Acccording to this model, individuals are masters of their own experience, meaning that the outcomes are achieved when they collaborate with mental healthcare providers.

The tidal model also believes that every patient has a unique story, which can help providers understand their experiences. The primary role of providers according to this model is seeking to understand the patient’s unique experiences. This is why providers encourage patients to use their language and stories unique to them to express their experiences. Providers may also collaborate with the individual and explore their understanding of their situation.

There are six core assumptions that underpin the philosophy of tidal model. The first one is respecting the other person’s point of view followed by appreciating the value of mystery and also recognizing the importance of tapping into the innate potential for mental health recovery. The tidal process is assumed to involve three phases. The first phase is engaging, characterized by building of therapeutic relationships. The second phase is focusing, which explores the patient’s unique story and concerns. The third and last phase is evolving, which involves developing strategies for moving forward and promoting recovery.