Identify one vulnerable population within a selected community. Explore current literature and related data to understand better the variables that place this population at risk for health concerns and health disparities. Analyze national health directives, such as Healthy People 2030 or another national initiative, to determine the correlation to the vulnerable population’s needs/risks/disparities. Health Disparities Among Homeless
Vulnerable Population: Homeless Individuals in Urban Communities
Factors Contributing to Health Risks and Disparities
Homeless individuals experience significant health disparities due to a combination of social, economic, and environmental factors. Key variables placing them at risk include:
- Lack of Access to Healthcare – Homeless individuals often lack insurance and face barriers such as transportation difficulties and discrimination in healthcare settings (Baggett et al., 2018).
- Chronic Health Conditions – Higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and substance use disorders due to inadequate medical care and poor nutrition (Hwang et al., 2020).
- Mental Health Challenges – Increased prevalence of depression, anxiety, PTSD, and schizophrenia, often untreated due to fragmented mental health services (Fazel et al., 2014).
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards – Exposure to extreme weather conditions, violence, and unsanitary living conditions contribute to infectious diseases and injuries (Kushel, 2020).
- Food Insecurity and Malnutrition – Limited access to nutritious food exacerbates chronic diseases and weakens immune function (Richards & Smith, 2021).
National Health Directives: Healthy People 2030
Healthy People 2030 highlights the need to reduce health disparities and improve social determinants of health that impact vulnerable populations, including the homeless. Several key objectives align with the health risks of this population:
- SDOH-01: Increase the proportion of people with stable housing.
- HIV-02: Reduce the number of new HIV infections among high-risk populations, including those experiencing homelessness.
- MHC-02: Increase the proportion of adults with serious mental illness who receive treatment.
- NWS-01: Reduce household food insecurity and hunger.
These objectives emphasize housing as healthcare, improved access to mental health and substance use services, and addressing food insecurity, all of which directly correlate with the needs of homeless individuals.APA