Covenant theology is a synonym for covenantism also referred to as federal theology or
federalism. It provides a conceptual framework to decipher the Bible structure.
The theory uses the concept of a covenant as a principle to Christian living. The concept is
built on three covenants ie covenant of grace, covenant of work and covenant of
redemption. The covenant theology is a prevalent theology among the Presbyterians and is
featured in the Westminster confession of faith. This theory views the works of Jesus Christ as
the fulfillment of the promises made to Israelites by Gods. Pietism movement embraces the
Covenant theology with emphasis the biblical doctrine of sanctity and a vigorous Christian life.
Even though Spener did not directly advocate for activities of Covenant theory, they were in one
way or another firmly held and practiced. This paper attempts to explain the contributions of
Pietism to Covenant theology, identify Pietism theological distinctive and explain how the
distinctive shave Cov thinking.

Pietism movement contributed greatly to the success of Covenant theory. Pietism Movement
whose origin is Germany was established in the late 17 th century by Philipp Spener a theologian
from Lutheran. The movement emphasized on personal reformation through spiritual rebirth and renewal, individual devotion and sanctity which were the pillars of the movement. The
movement played an instrumental role among the Lutheran as it begun and before long it had
impacted on Protestants all over the world.

Pietism spread from Germany where it had begun to Swaziland to Scandinavia to Baltics
where the movement had an impact to many people. It is in Baltics where the movement raised
great warriors of faith the likes of Peter Spaak, Hans Nielsen Hauge, Carl Olof Rosenius ,
Barbara von Krüdener and Katarina Asplund. Pietism movement contributed to the foundation of
Evangelicalism in the 18 th century which has more than 300 million Protestants today.

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