Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) is an evidence-based approach to treat mood disorders. The goal of this therapy is to improve the quality of a client’s interpersonal relationships and social functioning. It also aims to help reduce overall distress. One of the areas that IPT addresses is interpersonal deficits, including social isolation or involvement in unfulfilling relationships. […]

Erikson’s Stages of Development is a theory introduced in the 1950s by the psychologist and psychoanalyst Erik Erikson. This theory builds upon Freud’s theory of psychosexual development by drawing parallels in childhood stages. The model also expanded it to include the influence of social dynamics and the extension of psychosocial development into adulthood. The model […]

Adjustment disorders are excessive reactions to stress that are characterized by negative thoughts, strong emotions and changes in behavior. The conditions affect how individuals feel and think about themselves and the world around them. The common symptoms include feeling hopeless, not enjoying things you used to enjoy, crying often, irritability, trouble sleeping, suicidal ideation, difficulty […]

Cyclothymia or cyclothymic disorder is a mood disorder that causes emotional ups and downs, but they’re not as extreme as those in bipolar I or II disorder. People with cyclothymia experience periods of mood shifts up and down from their baseline. This means that one may feel on top of the world for a time, […]

Fibromyalgia is a health condition in which people experience musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory and mood issues. It amplifies painful sensations by affecting the way your brain and spinal cord process painful and nonpainful signals. The symptoms of this condition begin after an event, such as physical trauma, surgery, infection or significant psychological […]

Gender dysphoria is the feeling of discomfort or distress that might occur in people whose gender identity differs from their sex assigned at birth or sex-related physical characteristics. Gender dysphoria symptoms include a difference between gender identity and genitals or secondary sex characteristics, such as breast size, voice and facial hair. Also, a strong desire […]

Schizoaffective disorder is a mental health disorder that is marked by a combination of schizophrenia symptoms, such as hallucinations or delusions, and mood disorder symptoms, such as depression or mania. The two types of schizoaffective disorder are Bipolar type and Depressive type. Bipolar type includes episodes of mania and sometimes major depression while depressive type […]

Separation anxiety disorder is an anxiety disorder that occurs in childhood or adolescence. It involves a fear of separation from one’s home or family. It may also involve mounting anxiety purely over the anticipation of potential separation and ongoing fears and concerns surrounding the presumed terrible things that might happen if that separation occurs. Children […]

A vaginal yeast infection or vaginal candidiasis is a fungal infection that causes irritation, discharge and intense itchiness of the vagina and the vulva. Vaginal yeast infection affects up to 3 out of 4 women at some point in their lifetimes with many women experiencing at least two episodes. Although this kind of infection is […]

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is a health care condition characterized by gastrinomas, tumors grow in the pancreas or in the upper part of the small intestine. These gastrinomas produce large amounts of the hormone gastrin, which causes the stomach to produce too much acid that in turns leads to peptic ulcers. Other effects if high gastrin levels […]

Enuresis or bedwetting is a repeated inability to control urination among people old enough to be expected to exercise such control. Although the exact cause of bedwetting is not known, various factors may play a role, including having a small bladder, hormonal imbalance, sleep apnea, and urinary tract infection. Describe how you would approach these […]

Bipolar disorder (BD), formerly manic depression, is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). People with bipolar disorder also feel depressed, and hopeless and lose interest in most activities. It is important to note that BD is among the poorly understood neuropsychiatric disorders […]

Enuresis is involuntary urination while asleep after the age at which staying dry at night can be reasonably expected. There are two types of enuresis, including nocturnal enuresis and diurnal enuresis. Nocturnal enuresis, or bed-wetting at night, is the most common type of elimination disorder. Daytime wetting is called diurnal enuresis. Some children experience either […]

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a health condition in which people experience fear and anxiety when around other people or social situations. SAD causes people to exhibit persistent and intense fear of being watched or judged by others. Social anxiety disorder is likely to develop in people who have experienced trauma and chronic stress at some […]

Childhood schizophrenia is an uncommon but severe mental disorder in which children and teenagers interpret reality abnormally. This involves a range of problems with thinking, behavior or emotions. Childhood schizophrenia may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs your child’s ability to function. Although childhood schizophrenia is […]